Horse travel in backcountry areas of national parks long has been viewed as not only somewhat romantic, a throwback to the Old West, but also as a necessity for hauling in not only visitors but vast amounts of gear that otherwise would be problematic to carry in.
But for those not on a horse, walking in their wake can be a challenge in terms of avoiding not only at-times voluminous amounts of manure, fresh and old, but also hoof-pocked trails and trampled areas. During wet seasons, dozens of hooves can pretty much trash trails.
A federal court in California recently took up the case of the use of stock animals in wilderness areas of Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, and agreed with a hikers' organization that the National Park Service violated The Wilderness Act by failing to study the necessity of pack trips in the parks.
Somewhat interestingly, the ruling comes more than 40 years after the Park Service decided it would phase-out the use of stock animals in the high country of the two parks, but never fulfilled that decision.
The ruling (attached below) brings to fore the question of how damaging pack trips are to wilderness areas in the National Park System.
The case, which has been making its way through the legal system since 2009, was brought by the High Sierra Hikers Association. In its initial filing in September 2009 the group pointed out that when Sequoia officials adopted a master plan for the two parks in 1971, they specifically announced their intent to both phase out stock use from higher elevation areas of the two parks that are particularly sensitive to impacts and to eliminate grazing in all areas of the parks.
In reaching that decision, park officials at the time cited "the damage resulting from livestock foraging for food and resultant trampling of soils, possible pollution of water, and conflict with foot travelers..." the association's filing noted.
When the Park Service adopted a General Management Plan for the two parks in 1997, it did not reiterate the desire to phase out stock use, but instead decided to allow stock use "up to current levels."
In his ruling, U.S. District Judge Richard Seeborg held that Sequoia and Kings Canyon officials failed to conduct the requisite studies into the commercial need for pack trips in the two parks. Specifically, the judge noted in his ruling late last month, the Park Service must examine how commercial backcountry uses impact the landscape and "balance ... their potential consequences with the effects of preexisting levels of commercial activity."
"The Park Service has ignored and evaded the requirements of the Wilderness Act for decades," said Peter Browning, president of the High Sierra Hikers Association. "We hope that this court decision will prompt the Park Service to follow the law by limiting stock use and commercial services in our national parks to those that are truly necessary and not harmful to park resources."
Comments
Untrue. Many agencies ask their membership to be subjected to the non-lethal weapon, but none make it a requirement, at least in NJ.
It's not the the absolute numbers of stock used that's important, it's the impact of the horses and mules on the meadows and streams. The critical number is Stock Use Nights. You may have 10 animals supporting 3 people on a 5 day trip. So that's 50 SUNs. A huge mulitplier of the impact of those three people, especialy since one horse has (conservatively) at least 10 times the impact per day as one person on foot.
In this case and previous ones, the court has agreed. That impact is far, far greater than might be considered justified by the very small number of people those horses take into the wildereness. So if meaningless terms like 'elitist' are going to be thrown around, then I'm not sure how it applies to the folks who offer a compromise on how people travelling with stock use wilderness. It apparently does no good to point out, but this oft-repeated Big Lie really bothers me. HSHA is not asking or even imp[lying that stock be banned. They make it very clear they're willing to share the trails and wilderness with stock supported people. It's the stock folk who appear uncompromising.
If you travel, say, the John Muir Trail from Paiute entrance in the north of Kings Canyon to the Crabtree area, there is only one major and classic Sierra meadow -- Vidette -- where grazing is not allowed. Every other meadow -- every single one -- is subject to grazing. As such, all visitors are denied the incredible experience of a pristine (ungrazed) Sierra meadow by a very, very small number of stock users totally unwilling to compromise their sacred right to use meadows and streams for their personal pastures.
So instead of stock users coming forward and saying, OK, we can work with backcountry users who want this pristine experience, they're saying "no, it's all ours." Sounds kind of elitist to me... .