The Eagles Nest Ruin, Bears Ears National Monument/John Miles

Editor's note: The fate of Bears Ears National Monument in southeastern Utah currently has moved into the legal arena, as groups challenge President Trump's move to shrink that monument as well as nearby Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. Contributing writer John Miles recently visited Bears Ears to take measure of its value as a monument, and to muse what might be lost if the president's move is upheld.

When I told a friend in Taos, New Mexico, where I reside, that I was heading over to Bears Ears National Monument in southeastern Utah, his response was pointed.

“We’d better get over there before the oil, gas, and uranium guys trash it!”

He was referring to the Trump administration’s decision to reduce the Bears Ears National Monument by a million acres in response to lobbying by those industries and their Utah politician allies. So off we went on a recent spring day, driving six hours west until we pulled into a dusty parking lot in Butler Wash. We were not the only ones there, squeezing our Subaru in among a half-dozen vehicles from several states.

A short hike down into the wash brought us to spectacular rock art panels. Two Kentucky ladies were staring up at the petroglyphs, speculating about the meaning of holes scattered across part of the panel. “Those,” my friend Doug explained, “are bullet holes.”

“Really?” one lady responded. “Who would do such a thing? It’s sacrilegious!”

A half-hour into our visit to this remarkable place we were confronted with the challenges it faces.

When pictographs are not protected, they often become targets, as these in Butler Wash have/John Miles

Later we drove up the wash to find a campsite and pulled into another dusty parking area where several cars from the state of Washington were parked. Abundant cow pies were scattered about the campsite. A trail climbed out of the wash and up a beautiful canyon to an extensive ruin. A large group was headed to the ruin ahead of us, so we lounged beneath cottonwoods in a cool riparian area until they returned, then set off. After gingerly crossing moderately steep slabs into the ruin and pondering the wonder of the place, we returned to pitch camp as darkness fell, fitting our tents in around the cow dung. At the next campsite down the wash, partiers laughed and shouted far into the night.

Butler Wash and the rest of Bears Ears National Monument are “managed” by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service, but management for recreation appears minimal. There are few campgrounds or toilet facilities, at least in the areas we visited. And people are camping anywhere they choose, as we did. Our friends with whom we shared this trip have visited the area for years and remarked on the greater number of visitors we encountered. If Bears Ears National Monument survives the challenges it faces, considerable investment in recreational infrastructure will be essential to keep this fragile place from being loved to death. Even if the monument reductions President Trump wants stand, the part of Butler Wash we visited will be in one of the two small national monument units he is recommending, so recreation and its impacts will grow.

After a good night’s sleep, we drove further up Butler Wash and set out to visit a few more of the estimated 100,000 archaeological sites in the monument as President Obama established it. We followed a path down into another verdant riparian oasis and climbed a canyon, the walls closing in as we gained elevation.

“You go first, John,” said Doug, as we approached the head of the canyon.

Rounding a corner, I saw a large south-facing alcove in the canyon wall, ruins of an ancient cliff dwelling tucked into it. We poked around, marveling at the masonry, imagining what life must have been like when the Old Ones lived here 800 to 900 years ago. Carved on a rock we found an inscription – 1892 COLD SPRING CAVE I.A.E.E. One-hundred-twenty-six years before our visit, the Illustrated American Exploring Expedition had climbed up here. They were mapping sites, not digging, but others came to dig, some just pot hunting, others studying the archaeology. All of the half-dozen extensive cliff dwellings we visited had been disturbed during the century since those initial visitors from Ohio investigated this place.

More than a century ago the landscape within Bears Ears National Monument was explored/John Miles

Though they are changed, these alcoves with their ruins of ancient dwellings are powerful, remnants of a past stretching back to 11,000 B.C in estimations of modern archaeologists, to “time immemorial” for the descendants of the Old Ones. Our friends like to leave something in these alcove ruins, a token of respect but not something material. They play a few moments of Native American music, flutes, and drums. These quiet interludes of meditation bring to mind a statement from Rose Simpson of the Santa Clara Pueblo, quoted in Archaeology Southwest magazine. “Leave your prayers here. Leave your spiritual consciousness here. But don’t take anything with you. Only thing you can take is what will fill hour heart. That’s all you need.”

Two thoughts came to me as we sat quietly in Cold Spring Cave. One was that if ever there was a place appropriate for protection under the Antiquities Act of 1906, this is it, with its tens of thousands of archaeological sites. Secondly, the campaign to protect this place that resulted in the Obama monument proclamation was led by a tribal coalition, five tribes for whom it has special significance – the Navajo Nation, Hopi, Ute Mountain Ute, Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, and the Pueblo of Zuni. They were to be co-managers of the Obama monument along the with BLM and Monti-La Sal National Forest. Tribes whose ancestors lived in this region have, like all American Indians, been treated miserably by the United States. Might protecting this place make, in a small way, amends for what we have done in the past?

We climbed out of the cave and wandered up slickrock to a view across a canyon of the Eagle Nest ruin, nestled in a small alcove hundreds of feet up a sheer cliff. We could see moqui steps angling into this eyrie from above. The Old Ones must have faced great threats to sequester themselves in such an inaccessible place. The ruin is in good shape, inaccessible to all but the boldest of climbers. The view to the east, down slickrock to Butler Wash and across to red rock mesas was spectacular.

Lacking proper management and care, the ruins of Bears Ears NM will continue to collapse and be lost/John Miles

Driving out of Butler Wash, we turned west and into Valley of the Gods. A single dirt road winds through this landscape of red rock towers and buttes rivaling Monument Valley several miles to the west. Valley of the Gods was in Obama’s monument, but not in Trump’s. Cedar Mesa loomed to the north, and a road invisible on this imposing wall until we reached it, the Moki Dugway, scaled this cliff in long switchbacks. RVs and trailers were not allowed up this exposed and remarkable road. At the top of this exciting drive is Muley Point with a view to the south over the Goosenecks of the San Juan River, to Monument Valley off to the southwest, and to Comb Ridge southeast. Storm clouds loomed to the east, flying banners of virga, and the wind howled as we set up camp, but the view was so incredible we hardly noticed. The sunset from this perch was a sight to see.

We traveled north across Cedar Mesa, the Bears Ears framing the horizon. We visited another ruin, then camped in Comb Wash, on the west side of Comb Ridge, the “sandstone spine,” as writer David Roberts called it in his book of that title. The trip was completed with a final foray to two ruins on the other side of the Comb, in Butler Wash, many miles north of where we had begun our exploration.

Though we explored from dawn to dusk, we hardly touched the wonders of this unique part of America’s public lands. We will need years to probe the wonders and mysteries of Cedar Mesa, Grand Gulch, Elk Ridge, Dark Canyon, and Comb Ridge. Bears Ears as a museum of antiquities and natural beauty should be protected, not mined and drilled and raced over in ATVs. We will go back and do everything we can to see that this heritage landscape is protected.

The landscape encompassed by Bears Ears NM is breathtaking/John Miles