When a young Theodore Roosevelt came west in the 1880s, he encountered a landscape unlike any he had set his eyes on. The rippled badlands of the Dakota Territory, cut and carved through the millennia by the Little Missouri River, were stark and barren, and yet inviting to the young man.
The bluffs that wall in the river-valley curve back in semicircles, rising from its alluvial bottom generally as abrupt cliffs, but often as steep, grassy slopes that lead up to create level plateaus; and the line is broken every mile or two by the entrance of a coulee, or dry creek, whose head branches may be twenty miles [32 km] back. Above us, where the river comes round the bend, the valley is very narrow, and the high buttes bounding it rise sheer and barren, into scalped hill-peaks and naked knife-blade ridges. -- Theodore Roosevelt, describing the landscape outside his Elkhorn Ranch in his book, The Home Ranch.
Today that landscape, named in honor of the country's 26th president who did so much for conservation of places such as North Dakota's badlands, remains largely unchanged, except for a handful of roads that dart here and there. The rutted and tortuous badlands, mottled grayish white, bluff and blue, present a maze. And yet the river bottoms are alive with cottonwoods, shrubs, and grasses that attract a range of wildlife. Most imposing are ponderous and powerful bison that demand respect and a wide berth. But feral horses also graze this landscape, as do bands of elk.
Theodore Roosevelt exiled himself to this landscape in 1884 after the death of both his wife, Alice, two days after giving birth to their daughter, and his mother on the same day, Valentine's Day 1884. Claiming a parcel along the Little Missouri River some 35 miles (56 km) north of Medora, Roosevelt based his Elkhorn Ranch there to serve as the headquarters for his modest ranching operations.
The ranch is gone, but the Elkhorn Unit, as the area now is known, stands as one of three units of the national park. There the sublime setting, which still holds some of the cottonwoods thought to have shaded Roosevelt's porch, is a small testament to the conservation ethos he developed there and put to work from the White House.
But there are two other units of Theodore Roosevelt National Park -- simply named the North and South units -- that offer miles of trails to walk, beautiful viewpoints of the badlands as well as the grasslands, and a very definite connection with the landscape.
Traveler's Choice For: Birding, photography, wildlife viewing, hiking.